Ii-cryogenic liquids zisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka ezonyango, ezindizayo, kunye namandla. Ezi ziselo zibandayo kakhulu, ezifana ne-nitrogen engamanzi kunye ne-helium engamanzi, zihlala zigcinwa kwaye zithuthwa kwiikhonteyina ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukugcina amaqondo azo obushushu aphantsi. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesikhongozeli esisetyenziselwa ukugcina ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic yiflaski yeDewar.
Iiflaski zeDewar, ezaziwa ngokuba ziiflaski zevacuum okanye iibhotile zethermos, zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukugcina nokuthutha ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu.Ngokwesiqhelo zenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ngeglasi kwaye zinoyilo oluphindwe kabini olune-vacuum phakathi kweendonga. Le vacuum isebenza njengesithinteli sobushushu, ithintela ubushushu ukuba bungangeni kwisikhongozeli kwaye ifudumale ulwelo olukhanyayo.
Udonga olungaphakathi lweflaski yeDewar kulapho kugcinwa khona ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic, ngelixa udonga olungaphandle lusebenza njengesithintelo sokukhusela kwaye lunceda ekugqumeni ngakumbi umxholo. Umphezulu weflaski uhlala unesiciko okanye isiciko esinokuvalwa ukuthintela ukuphuma kolwelo oluyi-cryogenic okanye igesi.
Ukongeza kwiiflaski zeDewar, ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic lungagcinwa nakwiikhonteyina ezikhethekileyo ezifana neetanki ze-cryogenic kunye neesilinda. Ezi khonteyina zinkulu zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukugcina izinto ezininzi okanye ukusetyenziswa kwazo okufuna ukusetyenziswa kobuninzi bolwelo oluyi-cryogenic, njengakwiinkqubo zoshishino okanye kwizibonelelo zonyango.
Iitanki ze-Cryogeniczidla ngokuba ziindawo ezinkulu, ezineendonga ezimbini ezenzelwe ukugcina nokuthutha izixa ezikhulu zezinto ezibangela ukurhawuzelelwa, ezifana ne-nitrogen engamanzi okanye i-oxygen engamanzi. Ezi tanki zihlala zisetyenziswa kumashishini afana nokhathalelo lwempilo, apho zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha izinto ezibangela ukurhawuzelelwa ezikumgangatho wezonyango kwizicelo ezifana notyando lokurhawuzelela, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kunye nemifanekiso yezonyango.
Kwelinye icala, ii-cylinders ze-cryogenic zizikhongozeli ezincinci neziphathekayo ezenzelwe ukugcina nokuthutha ubungakanani obuncinci be-cryogenic liquids. Ezi silinda zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri, kwizibonelelo zophando, nakwiindawo zoshishino apho kufuneka isikhongozeli esincinci nesiphathekayo sokuthutha ulwelo lwe-cryogenic.
Nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwesikhongozeli esisetyenzisiweyo, ukugcina nokuphatha ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic kufuna ingqalelo engqongqo kukhuseleko kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuphatha. Ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu abandakanyekayo, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhethekileyo okuthintela i-frostbite, ukutsha, kunye nezinye iingozi ezinokwenzeka xa kuphathwa ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic.
Ukongeza kwiingozi zomzimba, ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic lukwabeka emngciphekweni wokufuthaniseka ukuba luvunyelwe ukuba luphele kwaye lukhuphe igesi ebandayo eninzi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kufuneka kubekho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokungenisa umoya kunye nokhuseleko ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kweegesi eziyi-cryogenic kwiindawo ezivalekileyo.
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kolwelo oluyi-cryogenic kuye kwaguqula amashishini amaninzi, ukusuka kwezonyango ukuya kwimveliso yamandla. Izikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha olu lwelo lubandayo kakhulu, njengeeflaski zeDewar,iitanki ze-cryogenic, kunye neesilinda, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwezi zinto zixabisekileyo. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buhambela phambili, uphuhliso loyilo olutsha noluphuculweyo lwezikhongozeli luya kuphucula ngakumbi ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokugcina nokuthutha ulwelo oluyi-cryogenic.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-21-2024
