Iyunithi yokwahlula umoya (i-ASU)liziko elibalulekileyo lemizi-mveliso elidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhutshweni kwezinto eziphambili zomoya, oko kukuthi initrogen, ioksijini, kunye ne-argon. Injongo yeyunithi yokwahlula umoya kukwahlula ezi zinto emoyeni, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.
Inkqubo yokwahlulwa komoya ibalulekile kumashishini amaninzi, kuquka ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali, ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye ne-elektroniki. Izinto ezintathu eziphambili zomoya-i-nitrogen, i-oxygen, kunye ne-argon- zonke zixabisekile ngokwazo kwaye zinezicelo ezahlukeneyo. I-nitrogen isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni i-ammonia kwizichumisi, kunye nakwishishini lokutya neziselo ekupakisheni nasekugcineni. I-oxygen ibalulekile kwiinjongo zonyango, ukusika isinyithi, kunye nokuwelda, ngelixa i-argon isetyenziswa ekuwelda nasekwenzeni isinyithi, kunye nasekuveliseni izinto ze-elektroniki.
Inkqubo yokwahlulwa komoya ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-cryogenic distillation, i-pressure swing adsorption, kunye ne-membrane separation ukwahlula iinxalenye zomoya ngokusekelwe kwiindawo zazo zokubila kunye nobukhulu beemolekyuli. I-cryogenic distillation yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo esetyenziswa kwiiyunithi ezinkulu zokwahlulwa komoya, apho umoya upholiswa kwaye unyibilikiswe ngaphambi kokuba wahlulwe ube ziinxalenye zawo.
Iiyunithi zokwahlula umoyazenzelwe ukuvelisa i-nitrogen, ioksijini, kunye ne-argon ecocekileyo kakhulu, ezithi emva koko zinyibilikiswe okanye zicinezelwe ukuze zigcinwe kwaye zisasazwe. Ukukwazi ukukhupha ezi zinto emoyeni kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso kubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zamashishini ahlukeneyo nokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa okuthembekileyo kwezi gesi.
Ngamafutshane, injongo yeyunithi yokwahlula umoya kukukhupha izinto eziphambili zomoya-initrogen, ioksijini, kunye ne-argon- ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokwahlula eziphucukileyo, iiyunithi zokwahlula umoya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngeegesi ezicocekileyo kakhulu ezifunekayo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino kunye neemveliso.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-22-2024
