Iiyunithi zokwahlula umoya(ii-ASU) zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo ukwahlula izinto zomoya, ngokuyintloko i-nitrogen ne-oxygen, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-argon kunye nezinye iigesi ezingaqhelekanga ezingenayo i-inert. Umgaqo wokwahlula umoya usekelwe kwinto yokuba umoya ngumxube weegesi, apho i-nitrogen ne-oxygen zibe zezona zinto zimbini ziphambili. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokwahlula umoya yi-fractional distillation, esebenzisa umahluko kwiindawo zokubilisa zezinto ukuze azahlule.
Ukucoca ngokuqhekezwayo kusebenza ngomgaqo wokuba xa umxube weegesi upholiswa ukuya kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, izinto ezahlukeneyo ziya kuxinana kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, nto leyo evumela ukwahlukana kwazo. Kwimeko yokwahlula umoya, inkqubo iqala ngokucinezela umoya ongenayo ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphezulu uze uwupholise. Njengoko umoya uphola, udlula kuthotho lweekholamu zokucoca apho izinto ezahlukeneyo zixinana kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Oku kuvumela ukwahlukana kwe-nitrogen, i-oxygen, kunye nezinye iigesi ezikhoyo emoyeni.
Inkqubo yokwahlulwa komoyaIbandakanya amanyathelo aliqela abalulekileyo, kuquka ukucinezela, ukucoca, ukupholisa, kunye nokwahlulahlula. Umoya ocinezelweyo uqala ngokucocwa ukuze kususwe nakuphi na ukungcola kunye nokufuma ngaphambi kokuba upholiswe ukuya kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu. Umoya opholileyo emva koko udlula kwiikholamu ze-distillation apho ukwahlulwa kwezixhobo kwenzeka khona. Iimveliso ezivelayo emva koko ziyaqokelelwa kwaye zigcinwe ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.
Iiyunithi zokwahlukanisa umoya zibalulekile kumashishini afana nokuvelisa iikhemikhali, ukuvelisa intsimbi, ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye ne-elektroniki, apho iigesi ezahlulweyo zisetyenziselwa uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Umzekelo, i-nitrogen isetyenziswa kushishino lokutya ukupakisha nokugcina, kushishino lwe-elektroniki kwimveliso yee-semiconductors, nakwishishini leoyile negesi ukungenisa nokufaka iingubo. Kwelinye icala, i-oxygen isetyenziswa kwizicelo zonyango, ukusika isinyithi kunye nokuwelda, kunye nokuvelisa iikhemikhali kunye neglasi.
Ukuqukumbela, iiyunithi zokwahlukanisa umoya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngokwahlulahlula izinto zomoya kusetyenziswa umgaqo we-fractional distillation. Le nkqubo ivumela ukuveliswa kwe-nitrogen, i-oxygen, kunye nezinye iigesi ezinqabileyo ezibalulekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-29-2024
