Ii-cryogenic liquids zizinto ezigcinwa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, ngesiqhelo zingaphantsi kwe-150 degrees Celsius. Ezi liquids, ezifana ne-nitrogen engamanzi, i-helium engamanzi, kunye ne-oxygen engamanzi, zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ezonyango, nezenzululwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina ii-cryogenic liquids kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kunye nokhuseleko ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kunye neengozi ezinokubakho.
Ukuze ugcine ulwelo olune-cryogenic ngokukhuselekileyo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezithile kunye neendlela zokugcina ezenzelwe ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesikhongozeli olusetyenziselwaukugcina ulwelo olune-cryogenicyi-dewar efakwe i-vacuum-insulated. Ezi dewar zenziwe ngesitya sangaphakathi esibamba ulwelo olu-cryogenic, olujikelezwe sisitya sangaphandle esine-vacuum phakathi kwezi zimbini. Esi sixhobo sisebenza njenge-insulation yokugcina ulwelo lukwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi kwaye sithintele ubushushu ukuba bungangeni kwisitya.
Niniukugcina ulwelo olune-cryogenic kwi-dewar, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isikhongozeli sigcinwa kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwayo nayiphi na igesi enokusuka kulwelo. Ukongeza, indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokufumanisa igesi kunye nokungenisa umoya ukuze kujongwe kwaye kususwe nayiphi na igesi ephumayo.
Kubalulekile nokuba uphathe ulwelo olubangela i-cryogenic ngononophelo ukuze uphephe iingozi ezinokubakho. Xa ugcwalisa i-dewar ngolwelo olubangela i-cryogenic, le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo, kwaye kufuneka kunxitywe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela, ezifana neeglavu kunye neeglasi. Ukongeza, inkqubo yokuzalisa kufuneka yenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaqhelene nokuphathwa nokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kolwelo olubangela i-cryogenic.
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni izikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokuphatha, kubalulekile ukulandela izikhokelo ezithile zokugcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwelo oluyi-cryogenic. Umzekelo, i-nitrogen engamanzi, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilebhu nakwizibonelelo zonyango, kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo kude nemithombo yokutsha. Kubalulekile nokuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokugcina ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuthintela ukuqokelelana koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwisikhongozeli.
Xa kugcinwa i-helium engamanzi, esetyenziswa rhoqo kuphando lwe-cryogenic kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-superconducting, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yokugcina umoya ingenazo naziphi na izinto ezinokutsha. Ukongeza, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwesikhongozeli sokugcina, njengoko i-helium engamanzi inokwanda ngokukhawuleza xa ifudunyezwa.
Ukuze kugcinwe ioksijini engamanzi, esetyenziswa kwezonyango nakwimizi-mveliso, kufuneka kulandelwe amanyathelo athile okhuseleko ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokufunxa ioksijini. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ifumane umoya ococekileyo kwaye ingabi nazo izinto ezinokutsha, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwemimoya etyebileyo kwioksijini, enokubangela ingozi yomlilo.
Ukongeza ekulandeleni le migaqo, kubalulekile ukuhlola rhoqo nokugcina izikhongozeli zokugcina kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ulwelo olukhupha igesi. Oku kuquka ukujonga naziphi na iimpawu zomonakalo okanye ukuguguleka, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zisebenza kakuhle, kunye nokujonga amanqanaba olwelo olukhupha igesi kwisikhongozeli ukuthintela ukuzaliswa kakhulu.
Lilonke, ukugcina ulwelo olune-cryogenic kufuna ingqalelo enzulu kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo ethile yokhuseleko. Ngokusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo, iinkqubo zokuphatha, kunye neendlela zokugcina, iingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nolwelo olune-cryogenic zinokuncitshiswa, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-14-2024
