Ulwelo lweCryogenic zizinto ezigcinwa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, angaphantsi kwe -150 degrees celcius. Olulwelo, suchjson.Queue as liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, kunye neoksijini engamanzi, zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zoshishino, ezonyango, kunye nosetyenziso lwezenzululwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina ulwelo lwe-cryogenic kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kunye nezilumkiso ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu kunye neengozi ezinokubakho.
Ukugcina ulwelo lwe-cryogenic ngokukhuselekileyo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezithile kunye neendlela zokugcina ezenzelwe ukujongana nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesikhongozeli esisetyenziselwaukugcina ulwelo lwe-cryogenicyi-vacuum-insulated dewar. Ezi dewars ziquka isitya sangaphakathi esibambe i-cryogenic liquid, ejikelezwe yinqanawa yangaphandle ene-vacuum phakathi kwezi zimbini. Esi sifunxa sisebenza njenge-insulation yokugcina ulwelo kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi kwaye luthintele ubushushu ekungeneni kwisikhongozeli.
Niniukugcina ulwelo lwe-cryogenic kwi-dewar, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isikhongozeli sigcinwa kwindawo engena umoya ukuze kuthintelwe ukufumba kwayo nayiphi na irhasi enokuthi iphuphume kulwelo. Ukongezelela, indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngegesi yokubona kunye neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya ukubeka iliso kunye nokususa nayiphi na igesi ephumayo.
Kukwabalulekile ukuphatha ulwelo lwe-cryogenic ngononophelo ukuthintela iingozi ezinokubakho. Xa ugcwalisa i-dewar nge-cryogenic liquid, inkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe kwindawo enomoya, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela, ezifana neeglavu kunye neeglavu, kufuneka zigqitywe. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokuzaliswa kufuneka yenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaqhelana nokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwe-cryogenic liquids.
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni izitya ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokuphatha, kubalulekile ukulandela izikhokelo ezithile zokugcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cryogenic liquids. Umzekelo, initrogen engamanzi, eqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri nakwizibonelelo zonyango, kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo enomoya owaneleyo kude nemithombo yokutshisa. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokugcina ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ukukhusela ukwakhiwa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwisitya.
Xa ugcina i-helium yamanzi, ehlala isetyenziselwa uphando lwe-cryogenic kunye nezicelo ze-superconducting, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yokugcina ingena umoya kwaye ingenazo naziphi na izinto ezinokutsha. Ukongeza, amanyathelo okhuseleko kufuneka athathwe ukuthintela ukuxinzezeleka okugqithisileyo kwesingxobo sokugcina, njengoko i-helium engamanzi inokwanda ngokukhawuleza xa ifudumala.
Ukugcina i-oksijeni yolwelo, esetyenziswa kwizicelo zonyango kunye nezoshishino, amanyathelo athile okhuseleko kufuneka alandelwe ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-oxidizing. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ifakwe umoya kwaye ingabi nezinto ezinokutsha, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okukhusela ukuqokelela i-oxygen-eriched atmospheres, enokubangela ingozi yomlilo.
Ukongeza kokulandela ezi zikhokelo, kubalulekile ukuhlola rhoqo kunye nokugcina izitya zokugcina kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ulwelo lwe-cryogenic. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga nayiphi na imiqondiso yomonakalo okanye ukunxiba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokubeka iliso kumanqanaba olwelo lwe-cryogenic kwiziqulathi zokuthintela ukugcwala.
Ngokubanzi, ukugcina ulwelo lwe-cryogenic kufuna ingqalelo ebukhali kwiinkcukacha kunye nokubambelela kwizikhokelo ezithile zokhuseleko. Ngokusebenzisa izitya ezifanelekileyo, iinkqubo zokuphatha, kunye neendlela zokugcina, iingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene ne-cryogenic liquids zingancitshiswa, zivumela ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-14-2024
